Window frame and sash.



N0. 7Ul,097. Patented May 27, I902. H. 0. SMITH.

WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

(Application filed. Jan. 2, 1902.)

(N0 M BL) 4 Sheets-Sheet I.

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-WINDOW FRAME AND filedJ an. 2, 19 (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 (Application No. 701,097. Patented May 27, I902. H. 0.. SMITH.

WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

(Application filed. Jan. 2, 1902.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3,

WI Tgl No. 704,097. Patented May 27, I902.

H. 6. SMITH. I wmuow FRAME AND s'Asu.

(Application filed Jan. 2. 1902.)

4 SheetsSheet 4,

(No Model.)

Units STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY COLLIER SMITH, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO SMITH-TVARREN COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORA- TION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 701,097, dated May 27, 1902.

Application filed January 2, 1902. Serial No. 88,229. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY COLLIER SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have inventeda new and useful Improvement in Window Frames and Sashes, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature.

The invention relates to an improvement in the construction of window/frames and sashes; and it consists, primarily,in the mitral construction of the sash through the use of interlocking corner extensions. An improved frame consists of a number of interlocking plates, and especially of a removable faceplate, providing not only a guideway for the sashes, but permitting the addition of a new wearing part to that portion of the frame most susceptible to wear.

The invention further relates to an auto matic friction device for holding the sash in any position to which it may be moved in the window-frame, but which in case of fire or undue heat in its vicinity becomes released and allows the windows to close.

I will now describe the invention in connec' tion with the drawings, where Figure l is a view, partly in vertical section and partly in elevation, of the frame and sashes, showing especially the bearing of the automatics. Fig. 2 is a detail sectional View of the automatic sash holding and releasing device, to which reference is hereinafter made. Fig. 3 is a view in horizontal section through one side of the frame and window-sash. Fig. 4 is a View, partly in outer elevation and partly in vertical section, of a portion of the frame and sashes. Fig. 5 is a view in perspective of the mitral construction of the sashes. Fig. 6 is aviewin perspective of a sash rail and stile, showing their interlocking extensions.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the metallic Window-frame, B the lower metallic window-sash, and B the upper metallic windew-sash. The sashes are alike in their construction, and a description of one will describe the other. Each sash has a built-up construction-that is, the alternate stiles and rails form a mitral attachmentwith each other through the use of interlocking corner extensions. In Figs. 5 and 6 let I) represent a rail, and c a stile to form mitral connection therewith. Each is made, preferably, of a single piece of sheet metal,which is shaped or formed to produce in the rail 19 the two sides 1/19", the inside molded surfaces 1) b and the outer molded surfaces 19 19 while along the top runs the groove for receiving the glass, having the sides a a? and the bottom ct.

The stile 0 when mitral connection has been made has correspondingly the contiguous side surfaces 0 c molded surfaces 0 c on the one side, 0 c on the other, and groove with sides c c and bottom a.

Projecting from side b of rail I1 is the extension b made,preferably,angular in shape that it may readily enter the slot c cut in the side c'of stile c. This slot, it should be noted, is cut at such angle that when the extension b has been fully inserted the edge o b} of side I) will project upon the side 0' to an extent marked by an imaginary line 0 0 while the molded surfaces and grooves become contiguous the one to the other and the angular relations of stile and rail established. The clip b may then be turned back upon itself, (see Fig. 5,) locking the brace together, and so holding thejjoint in adjusted position while the other connections are being made.

The extension 0 of side 0 projects in upon the inside of side I) of the rail, While the eX- tensions I) Z) of the molded surfaces project into the stile and are turned to rest flush up against the inner surfaces of sides 0 0 The mitral connection of the grooves is established when the sections are brought together, as before explained. The bottom b of the rail is brought at its end flush up against the bottom surface 0 of the groove to the stile,which surface c projects sufficiently to be turned up against and so forms alocking connection with I) along its outer edge within the rail, The sides I) b to the rail project between but flush up against the'corresponding sides c to the stile and make by their edge the proper angular connection. The sides 0 0 also project sufficiently to be turned about and so form a locking connection with the inner surface oft. I have not described in detail the mitral connection of the sides lb with c and the molded surfaces I) b with c 0 This is unnecessary, for the connection between these sides and surfaces is the same as the connection between the contiguous sides and surfaces b with c, b b with c a", and is therefore as before explained.

The side portions of the window-frame consist of the two weight-holding casings A B,

arranged side by side, each made up of several plates shaped and combined as hereinafter specified.

Referring to Fig. 3, to follow their shape and construction the two casings are formed by the combination of the outer side walls D D with the common back plate E and the removable guiding face-plate F, while the plate G marks their division. The plate D is shaped to form an inner edge d, where it is bent upon itself to form one member of a locking-joint, the other of which members is formed upon the edge of the back plate above referred to. From the locking-joint it extends to the corner 01, thence at right angle to the corner (1 where it is again bent preferably at right angle where it proceeds inward to form the outer side molding d which is preferably shaped as in the drawings, although the same may be molded to any form desired. This molding of the angles d (1 forms a flange to rest against the building-wall surrou ndin g the window-space.

From the molded surface 01 the plate proceeds backwardly to the angle d where it is again bent upon itself to form the locking-joint d, into which along its outer edge fits the removable face-plate F. The plate D is of similar shape. It extends from the inner corner d, where its edge is bent to form a member of alocking-joint with the back plate E, to the point d thence outwardly to form the inner molding (Z preferably shaped as represented. The molded surface proceeds to the corner 01 where the plate is again bent upon itself to form the locking-joint d which receives the inside edge of the removable faceplate F. These two plates D and D, forming sides to the two casings, are combined together at the back by a back plate E, the edges 6 e of which are bent at right angles to enter and-interlock with the locking-joints (Z and (1, respectively, of the plates D D. The back plate has also at the center of its width a recess e, which receives the end 9 of the division-plate G, the other end of which, folded to form the angular sides g 9 enters the pocket f formed by the beading in the faceplate F, of which the surface f offers a stable bearing to the angular side g This division-plate G, it will be seen, not only separates the tWo casings, but extending, as it does, the whole length of and entirely through this part of the frame stiifens the entire construction.

Connecting the two side plates D and D and providing a guideway for the sashes is the removable bead-forming faceplate F. This is shaped or formed to provide along its outer and inner edges the flangesfand f, to enter into the interlocking recesses d and 01 before described, of the side plates. The plate is then bent upon itself and extends backward, forming, respectively, the outer and inner flanges f f to the corresponding outer and inner sash-runways. From thence the plate extends to form the central bead f which separates longitudinally the two window-runways of the frame and which by its sides f f forms flanges against which the sashes may have inward and outward bearing, while the side f by its inside surface offers bearing to the end surface g of the division-plate G. This face-plate F is adjustably secured to the frame by screws f (see Fig. 1) passing through ears extending down from the head of the frame and upwardly from the sill. The plate may be made in sections to provide an opening for reaching the weights, if necessary. If so made, the lower section will have a seat and brace to provide a bearing for the upper section and will so prevent the lower edge of the same from being pressed inward. WVith this construction I am enabled to provide a very rigid side structure and at the same time a wearing part for the frame which can be easily removed without disturbing the frame proper.

The natural tendency of the sashes would be to remain closed, the upper sash by means of an overbalancing-weight, as may be seen in Fig. 4, the lower sash by force of gravity. The sashes, however, are held to the windowframe in any position to which they may be moved by means of the shoe H, pressed against the frame by a spring h and with sufficient tension to overcome the force of gravity pulling down the sash, or in the ease of the upper sash to compensate for the difference in weight between the sash and its overbalancing means.

The shoeis preferably rectangular in shape and is inclosed in a rectangular casing H, secured permanently in the bottom rail to the sashes. The spring is supported by the bolt h passing through its spirals and through the stop h against which the spring rests for a back-rest. The head h of the bolt 7i communicates directly with the shoe H through the clip h, projecting from the back end of the shoe H and engaging with the groove lbs in the head of the bolt. The tensional hearing of the spring against the shoe H is maintained through its pressing against the nut h, mounted upon the threaded section of bolt 71.

Any tension extended against the nut 71 would be communicated by the bolt h to the shoe H, and so against the side of the frame. The tension of the spring is adjusted by this same nut h, for as the nut is moved along the threaded section of bolt h the shoe H would be the farther projected from its casing, and so bearing against the side of the frame increased tension would indirectly be brought upon the spring. The adjustment of the nut may be accomplished by the removal of the shoe H from its casing, when the bolt it may readily be turned, thereby indirectly adjusting the nut h, which is fixed against rotation.

As before explained, the back-stop 72,2 provid es a rest-bearing for the spring. This step is held to the side of the casing by solder 71 fusible at a relatively low temperature. Furthermore, it is opposite a hole h in the side of the rail, so that the heat will reach it readily. The result is that in case of fire the fusible solder will melt, releasing the stop 7L2, which releases the spring, thus removing the pressure of the friction-shoe H from the side of the frame, and as there is then no obstruction the sashes close-the lower sash by gravity and the upper sash by means of overbalancing-weights. In Figs. 1 and 4 are seen the relative positions of the shoe H in its hearing against the frame. In the upper sash the casing H is attached to the outer side of the lower sash, so the bearing of the shoe H is exactly in reverse to that of the lower sash, where the casing is attached to the bottom of the rail. The holes h also occupy different relative positions, the hole in the upper sash being in the vertical side of the sash opening outward, while the hole in the lower sash is through the bottom of the rail.

In Fig. 4 I have also shown a means for attaching a weight-bearing cord or chain to the sash which its attached weight serves to overbalance and which means is especially to be used in connection with a sash having an extension or telescopic side, as shown in Fig. 3 of this application and fully described and claimed in my application for Letters Patent of the United States, entitled Metal windowsashes, filed June 8, 1001, Serial No. 63,692. The means consists of the hook 7s, attached to the fixed or permanent side of the sash and making connection with the cord or chain aforesaid through an opening in the telescopic side. The hook 7; preferably fastens into the stay attached to the edge k of the fixed side of the sash. It makes detachable connection with the weight-bearing cord or chain at the point 70'. The opening it" in the telescopic side is sufficiently large to allow free play to the chain as it changes its relative position in consequence of the variations in the adjustment of the sash.

The construction is especially important in that it furnishes a means for thedirect attachment of the chain or cord to the permanent side of the sash, While avoiding interference with the telescopic side or the means for its adjustment.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States- 1. In a sheet-metal window-sash the alternate rails and stiles of which form a mitral connection with each other, clips extending from the sides of one and slotted openings in the sides of the other adapted to receive said clips that a mitral connection may be'formed between rail and stile substantially as described.

2. A metallic window sash, each rail of which has extending from its side faces the clips b stiles having the slot 0 cut therein to receive said clips 12 and a series of clips extendingfrom stile and rail aforesaid and adapted to engage the corresponding rails and stiles so that an interlocking mitral connection may be formed between the same, substantially as described.

3. In a metallic window, a casing having a reinforcing division-plate, a detachable faceplate adapted to receive the inner edge of said division-plate, make connection with said casing and provide a runway for the sashes substantially as described.

4. In a metallic window, a casing having a back plate, two flange-forming side plates, a reinforcing division-plate, and a detachable face-plate receiving in a bead-forming recess the inner edge of said division-plate and by its edges turning to make attachment with the side plate aforesaid, providing a guideway forthe sashes substantially as described.

5. A window-sash having a shoeto press against the window-frame, a spring communicating with said shoe that the same may bear with a yielding pressure against said window-frame, a rear stop for the retention of said spring, held to the window-frame by fusible solder, and means for increasing or diminishing the projection of said shoe from said spring that the tension of the spring upon the shoe may be correspondingly increased or diminished, substantially as described. it

6. A window-sash having a shoe to press against the window-frame, a spring communicating with the said shoe that the same may bear with yielding pressure against the window-frame, a rear stop for the retention of said spring, held to the sash by fusible solder over;an opening therein, and means for varying the tension of said spring upon said shoe consisting of a bolt and nut, the same so acting as a-means of communication between the spring and the shoe aforesaid, that as the bolt is turned out or in thedistance between the shoe and the spring is increased or diminished which results as the shoe presses against the window-frame in a corresponding increase or diminishing of the tension of the spring upon the shoe, substantially as described.

7. In a window having an over-balanced sash, a means for connecting the sash with the cord or chain supporting the overbalancingweight, which means consists of a hook within the side sash-rail making a pivotal connection with its inner side then proceeding upward and outward to make a detachable connection with the weight-bearing cord or chain 10 through an opening in the outer side of the sash-rail, substantially as described.

I IENRY COLLIER SMITH. Witnesses:

JOHN E. R. HAYES, SAUL SIPPERSTEIN. 

